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Geography of Dominica
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Location:
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Caribbean, island between
the Caribbean Sea and the North Atlantic Ocean, about one-half of the
way from Puerto Rico to Trinidad and Tobago |
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Geographic coordinates:
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15 25 N, 61 20 W |
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Area:
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total: 754 sq km
water: 0 sq km
land: 754 sq km |
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Area - comparative:
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slightly more than four
times the size of Washington, DC |
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Land boundaries:
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0 km |
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Coastline:
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148 km |
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Maritime claims:
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contiguous zone: 24
NM
territorial sea: 12 NM
exclusive economic zone: 200 NM |
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Climate:
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tropical; moderated by
northeast trade winds; heavy rainfall |
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Terrain:
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rugged mountains of
volcanic origin |
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Elevation extremes:
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lowest point:
Caribbean Sea 0 m
highest point: Morne Diablatins 1,447 m |
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Natural resources:
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timber, hydropower, arable
land |
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Land use:
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arable land: 4%
permanent crops: 16%
other: 80% (1998 est.) |
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Natural hazards:
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flash floods are a constant
threat; destructive hurricanes can be expected during the late summer
months |
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Environment - international agreements:
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party to:
Biodiversity, Climate Change, Desertification, Endangered Species,
Environmental Modification, Hazardous Wastes, Law of the Sea, Ozone
Layer Protection, Ship Pollution, Whaling
signed, but not ratified: none of the selected agreements |
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Geography - note:
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known as "The Nature
Island of the Caribbean" due to its spectacular, lush, and varied
flora and fauna, which are protected by an extensive natural park
system; the most mountainous of the Lesser Antilles, its volcanic peaks
are cones of lava craters and include Boiling Lake, the second-largest,
thermally active lake in the world
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People of Dominica
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Population:
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69,655 (July 2003 est.) |
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Age structure:
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0-14 years: 27.8%
(male 9,807; female 9,571)
15-64 years: 64.3% (male 23,024; female 21,768)
65 years and over: 7.9% (male 2,226; female 3,259) (2003 est.) |
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Median age:
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total: 28.4 years
male: 28.1 years
female: 28.8 years (2002) |
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Population growth rate:
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-0.63% (2003 est.) |
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Birth rate:
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16.78 births/1,000
population (2003 est.) |
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Death rate:
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6.99 deaths/1,000
population (2003 est.) |
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Net migration rate:
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-16.11 migrant(s)/1,000
population (2003 est.) |
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Infant mortality rate:
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total: 15.34
deaths/1,000 live births
female: 10.15 deaths/1,000 live births (2003 est.)
male: 20.29 deaths/1,000 live births |
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Life expectancy at birth:
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total population:
74.12 years
male: 71.23 years
female: 77.15 years (2003 est.) |
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Total fertility rate:
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1.99 children born/woman
(2003 est.) |
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Nationality:
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noun: Dominican(s)
adjective: Dominican |
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Ethnic groups:
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black, mixed black and
European, European, Syrian, Carib Amerindian |
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Religions:
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Roman Catholic 77%,
Protestant 15% (Methodist 5%, Pentecostal 3%, Seventh-Day Adventist 3%,
Baptist 2%, other 2%), none 2%, other 6% |
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Languages:
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English (official), French
patois |
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Literacy:
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definition: age 15
and over has ever attended school
total population: 94%
male: 94%
female: 94% (2003 est.)
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Government
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Country name:
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conventional long form:
Commonwealth of Dominica
conventional short form: Dominica |
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Government type:
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parliamentary democracy;
republic within the Commonwealth |
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Capital:
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Roseau |
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Administrative divisions:
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10 parishes; Saint Andrew,
Saint David, Saint George, Saint John, Saint Joseph, Saint Luke, Saint
Mark, Saint Patrick, Saint Paul, Saint Peter |
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Independence:
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3 November 1978 (from UK) |
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National holiday:
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Independence Day, 3
November (1978) |
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Constitution:
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3 November 1978 |
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Legal system:
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based on English common law |
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Suffrage:
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18 years of age; universal |
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Executive branch:
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chief of state:
President Vernon Lordon SHAW (since 6 October 1998)
elections: president elected by the House of Assembly for a
five-year term; election last held 6 October 1998 (next to be held NA
October 2003); prime minister appointed by the president
election results: Vernon Lordon SHAW elected president; percent
of legislative vote - NA%
cabinet: Cabinet appointed by the president on the advice of the
prime minister
head of government: Prime Minister Pierre CHARLES (since 1
October 2000); note - assumed post after death of Prime Minister
Roosevelt DOUGLAS |
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Legislative branch:
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unicameral House of
Assembly (30 seats, 9 appointed senators, 21 elected by popular vote;
members serve five-year terms)
elections: last held 31 January 2000 (next to be held by 17 July
2005) note - tradition dictates that the election will be held within
five years of the last election, but technically it is five years from
the first seating of parliament (17 April 2000) plus a 90 day grace
period
election results: percent of vote by party - NA%; seats by party
-DLP 10, UWP 9, DFP 2 |
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Judicial branch:
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Eastern Caribbean Supreme
Court, consisting of the Court of Appeal and the High Court (located in
Saint Lucia; one of the six judges must reside in Dominica and preside
over the Court of Summary Jurisdiction) |
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Political parties and leaders:
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Dominica Freedom Party or
DFP [Charles SAVARIN]; Dominica Labor Party or DLP [Pierre CHARLES];
United Workers Party or UWP [Edison JAMES] |
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Political pressure groups and leaders:
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Dominica Liberation
Movement or DLM (a small leftist party) |
Economy
The Dominican economy depends on agriculture, primarily bananas, and
remains highly vulnerable to climatic conditions and international economic
developments. Hurricane Luis devastated the country's banana crop in 1995
after tropical storms wiped out a quarter of the 1994 crop. The economy
subsequently has been fueled by increases in construction, soap production,
and tourist arrivals. Development of the tourism industry remains difficult
however, because of the rugged coastline, lack of beaches, and the absence of
an international airport. Economic growth is sluggish, and unemployment is
greater than 20%. The government has been attempting to develop an offshore
financial sector in order to diversify the island's production base.
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GDP:
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purchasing power parity -
$380 million (2002 est.) |
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GDP - real growth rate:
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1.2% (2002 est.) |
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GDP - per capita:
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purchasing power parity -
$5,400 (2002 est.) |
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GDP - composition by sector:
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agriculture: 18%
industry: 24%
services: 58% (2002 est.) |
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Population below poverty line:
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30% (2002 est.) |
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Household income or consumption by percentage share:
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lowest 10%: NA%
highest 10%: NA% |
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Inflation rate (consumer prices):
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1% (2001 est.) |
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Labor force:
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25,000 |
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Labor force - by occupation:
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agriculture 40%, industry
and commerce 32%, services 28% |
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Unemployment rate:
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23% (2000 est.) |
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Budget:
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revenues: $73.9
million
expenditures: $84.4 million, including capital expenditures of
$NA (2001) |
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Industries:
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soap, coconut oil, tourism,
copra, furniture, cement blocks, shoes |
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Industrial production growth rate:
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-10% (1997 est.) |
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Electricity - production:
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72.41 million kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - production by source:
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fossil fuel: 47.1%
hydro: 52.9%
other: 0% (2001)
nuclear: 0% |
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Electricity - consumption:
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67.34 million kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - exports:
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0 kWh (2001) |
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Electricity - imports:
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0 kWh (2001) |
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Oil - production:
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0 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Oil - consumption:
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600 bbl/day (2001 est.) |
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Agriculture - products:
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bananas, citrus, mangoes,
root crops, coconuts, cocoa; forest and fishery potential not exploited |
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Exports:
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$50 million f.o.b. (2002
est.) |
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Exports - commodities:
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bananas, soap, bay oil,
vegetables, grapefruit, oranges |
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Exports - partners:
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Caricom countries 47%, UK
36%, US 7% (2000) |
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Imports:
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$135 million f.o.b. (2002
est.) |
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Imports - commodities:
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manufactured goods,
machinery and equipment, food, chemicals |
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Imports - partners:
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US 41%, Caricom countries
25%, UK 13%, Netherlands, Canada (2000) |
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Debt - external:
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$161.5 million (2001) |
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Economic aid - recipient:
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$24.4 million (1995) |
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Currency:
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East Caribbean dollar (XCD) |
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Currency code:
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XCD |
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Exchange rates:
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East Caribbean dollars per
US dollar - 2.7 (2002), 2.7 (2001), 2.7 (2000), 2.7 (1999), 2.7 (1998) |
SOURCES: The CIA World Factbook, U.S. Department of State, Area Handbook of the US Library of Congress
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